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Table 3 Mean values for job demands and job resources stratified by years of working experience for each profession adjusted by confounders†

From: Contextualising the job demands–resources model: a cross-sectional study of the psychosocial work environment across different healthcare professions

  

Years of working experience

Bonferroni p-value

 < 5 years

5–15 years

 > 15 years

Mean (95% CI)

n

Mean (95% CI)

n

Mean (95% CI)

n

 < 5 years of work experience vs. 5–15 years of work experience

 < 5 years of work experience vs. > 15 years of work experience

5–15 years of work experience vs. > 15 years of working experience

Job Demands

 Quantitative Demandsa

Physicians

2.98 (2.88–3.08)

540

3.22 (3.16–3.28)

1024

3.37 (3.29–3.45)

1012

0.001*

0.001*

0.039*

Registered nurses

2.99 (2.89–3.09)

466

2.81 (2.75–2.88)

852

2.77 (2.72–2.83)

1512

0.001*

0.003*

1.00

Nursing assistants

2.66 (2.50–2.83)

129

2.70 (2.62–2.77)

583

2.62 (2.57–2.68)

1252

1.00

1.00

0.444

 Emotional Demandsa

Physicians

3.14 (3.01–3.27)

539

3.36 (3.28–3.44)

1025

3.37 (3.26–3.47)

1016

0.003*

0.070

1.00

Registered nurses

3.42 (3.29–3.55)

467

3.42 (3.33–3.50)

853

3.34 (3.27–3.41)

1520

1.00

1.00

0.662

Nursing assistants

2.93 (2.72–3.15)

129

3.20 (3.10–3.30)

584

3.18 (3.12–3.25)

1259

0.056

0.107

1.00

 Effort Reward Imbalanceb

Physicians

1.20 (1.15–1.26)

522

1.26 (1.23–1.30)

1002

1.24 (1.20–1.29)

984

0.124

1.00

1.00

Registered nurses

1.49 (1.42–1.55)

456

1.35 (1.31–1.39)

844

1.34 (1.30–1.38)

1476

0.001*

0.002*

1.00

Nursing assistants

1.40 (1.28–1.52)

124

1.51 (1.46–1.57)

553

1.44 (1.40–1.48)

1209

0.193

1.00

0.132

 Illegitimate Work Tasks—Unneccessaryc

Physicians

3.09 (3.01–3.18)

538

3.23 (3.18–3.28)

1018

3.20 (3.13–3.27)

1013

0.005*

0.316

1.00

Registered nurses

3.11 (3.01–3.20)

465

3.00 (2.93–3.06)

849

2.92 (2.87–2.97)

1499

0.063

0.008*

0.305

Nursing assistants

2.82 (2.67–2.98)

127

3.03 (2.96–3.10)

579

2.94 (2.89–2.99)

1238

0.033*

0.502

0.205

 Illegitimate Work Tasks—Unreasonablec

Physicians

3.01 (2.93–3.10)

538

3.03 (2.98–3.08)

1024

3.05 (2.98–3.11)

1018

1.00

1.00

1.00

Registered nurses

3.06 (2.97–3.15)

467

2.92 (2.86–2.98)

850

2.85 (2.80–2.90)

1520

0.011*

0.003*

0.434

Nursing assistants

2.84 (2.68–3.01)

131

3.01 (2.93–3.09)

578

2.92 (2.86–2.97)

1256

0.163

1.00

0.206

 Work–Life Interferenced

Physicians

3.25 (3.14–3.36)

536

3.20 (3.13–3.26)

1022

3.15 (3.06–3.24)

1014

0.964

0.760

1.00

Registered nurses

3.36 (3.24–3.47)

461

3.03 (2.95–3.10)

851

2.95 (2.88–3.01)

1513

0.001*

0.001*

0.570

Nursing assistants

2.98 (2.78–3.18)

132

3.22 (3.13–3.32)

578

3.06 (2.99–3.12)

1241

0.068

1.00

0.027*

Job Resources

 Work Content Controle

Physicians

2.27 (2.14–2.40)

395

2.29 (2.21–2.36)

894

2.39 (2.30–2.49)

891

1.00

0.607

0.390

Registered nurses

2.47 (2.29–2.65)

274

2.96 (2.85–3.07)

547

3.03 (2.94–3.12)

1035

0.001*

0.001*

1.00

Nursing assistants

2.32 (2.03–2.60)

61

2.14 (2.02–2.27)

302

2.37 (2.27–2.47)

515

0.732

1.00

0.030*

 Work Time Controle

Physicians

2.19 (2.06–2.32)

504

2.53 (2.45–2.61)

963

2.43 (2.33–2.54)

936

0.001*

0.056

0.630

Registered nurses

2.00 (1.85–2.14)

440

2.43 (2.33–2.53)

781

2.37 (2.28–2.46)

1309

0.001*

0.001*

1.00

Nursing assistants

2.13 (1.90–2.37)

111

2.06 (1.94–2.17)

482

2.03 (1.95–2.12)

940

1.00

1.00

1.00

 Influencee

Physicians

3.50 (3.42–3.58)

518

3.58 (3.53–3.63)

985

3.69 (3.63–3.75)

973

0.189

0.008*

0.051

Registered nurses

3.10 (3.01–3.19)

462

3.50 (3.44–3.56)

816

3.68 (3.62–3.73)

1436

0.001*

0.001*

0.001*

Nursing assistants

2.85 (2.67–3.03)

107

2.90 (2.81–2.98)

513

3.09 (3.03–3.15)

1057

1.00

0.049*

0.002*

 Managerial Supportf

Physicians

3.71 (3.57–3.84)

496

3.64 (3.56–3.71)

995

3.61 (3.51–3.72)

963

0.919

1.00

1.00

Registered nurses

3.58 (3.44–3.72)

457

3.61 (3.52–3.69)

835

3.53 (3.45–3.61)

1450

1.00

1.00

0.811

Nursing assistants

3.53 (3.30–3.76)

128

3.49 (3.38–3.59)

569

3.54 (3.46–3.61)

1221

1.00

1.00

1.00

 Collegial Supportf

Physicians

4.35 (4.26–4.44)

537

4.33 (4.27–4.38)

1026

4.28 (4.20–4.35)

1002

1.00

0.854

0.983

Registered nurses

4.37 (4.29–4.46)

465

4.43 (4.38–4.49)

851

4.46 (4.41–4.50)

1502

0.476

0.485

1.00

Nursing assistants

4.30 (4.15–4.45)

132

4.23 (4.16–4.30)

583

4.29 (4.25–4.34)

1257

1.00

1.00

0.495

  1. *Indicates Bonferroni p < 0.05
  2. †Confounders include sex, birth country, working hours, place of work and county of work
  3. aScale 1–5, (1) "Always" to (5) “Never/Almost never”
  4. bScale 1–4, (1) “Strongly disagree” to (4) “Strongly agree”
  5. cScale 1–5, (1) “Very often” to (5) “Never”
  6. dScale 1–5, (1) “Not at all” to (5) “Almost all the time”
  7. eScale 1–5, (1) “To a very high degree” to (5) “To a very low degree”
  8. fScale 1–5, (1) “Always” to (5) “Never/Almost never”
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Human Resources for Health

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